Sample collection, preparation, and analysis
Chemical, microbiological, and physical testing
Laboratory equipment operation and calibration
Preparation of reagents, buffers, and solutions
Use of laboratory instruments (microscope, spectrophotometer, centrifuge, autoclave, pH meter, etc.)
Quality control testing and monitoring
Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) & Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP)
Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) compliance
Data recording, entry, and result interpretation
Laboratory safety and hazard management
Sterilization, disinfection, and aseptic techniques
Sample storage, labeling, and documentation
Environmental monitoring and analysis
Basic instrumentation troubleshooting